Procurements: Project and design preparation, estimation of costs

3 active procurements

Project and design preparation, estimation of costs have been procured by organizations such as Cavan County Council, National Transport Authority, and Donegal County Council_1193.
Historically, suppliers within this area have been AECOM Ireland Ltd, Jacobs Engineering Ireland Ltd, Cooney Architects Ltd, RPS Group Limited, Wynne Gormley Gilsenan Architects & Surveyors Ltd, Atkins, Hayes Higgins Partnership, RPS Consulting Engineers Ltd., AECOM Ireland Limited, and AL Architects.

Recent procurements of project and design preparation, estimation of costs in Ireland

2026-04-20   Deadline 2026-05-22   Tender for Multi-Disciplinary Design Team Services - Architect Led Design Team Consultancy Services including ME... (The Higher Education Authority)
The HEA intends to appoint an Architect-Led Multi-Disciplinary design team to support the delivery of a high-quality office fit-out at HEA’s headquarters at 3 Shelbourne Buildings Crampton Avenue, Shelbourne Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. The project comprises the proposed refurbishment and upgrade of approximately 16,000 sq. ft. of office accommodation across the ground and first floors. The objective is to bring the accommodation in line with modern office standards while achieving a level of finish and … View the procurement »
2026-03-30   Call for tender for design and consultancy services towards the construction of a proposed community walking trail... (Greenan's Cross Restoration Committee)
Greenan's Cross Restoration Committee seeks to engage design and consultancy services in relation to the preparation of construction-ready plans for a walking trail at Cashlan Lough, Lecklevera, Newbliss, Co. Monaghan. The Committee is inviting applications from suitably qualified ecology and engineering consultants who can provide design consultancy services, including preliminary environmental and topographical investigations, constraints analysis, planning, and trail design. The output will include a … View the procurement »
2026-03-27   Deadline 2026-05-01   Request for Tenders for appointment to a Multi Party Framework Agreement for the provision of Quantity Surveying... (The Land Development Agency)
The Land Development Agency (LDA) (the “Contracting Authority”) invites tenders (“Tenders”) from economic operators (“Tenderers”) for appointment to a multi-supplier framework agreement (the “Framework Agreement”) for the provision of the services as described in Part 3 of this Request for Tender (the “RFT”). The framework will be delivered via two lots (each a “Framework Lot”). • Lot 1 – Quantity Surveying services framework for the development of projects exceeding circa. 300 units of accommodation (or … View the procurement »
2026-03-26   Deadline 2026-05-01   Request for Tenders for appointment to a Multi Party Framework Agreement for the provision of Quantity Surveying Services (The Land Development Agency)
The Land Development Agency (LDA) (the “Contracting Authority”) invites tenders (“Tenders”) from economic operators (“Tenderers”) for appointment to a multi-supplier framework agreement (the “Framework Agreement”) for the provision of the services as described in Part 3 of this Request for Tender (the “RFT”). The framework will be delivered via two lots (each a “Framework Lot”). • Lot 1 – Quantity Surveying services framework for the development of projects exceeding circa. 300 units of accommodation (or … View the procurement »
2026-03-25   TEN2600054 - CfT for Architect Led Design Team for the proposed Construction Works for a minimum of 20 Units at... (Cavan County Council)
TEN2600054 - CfT for Architect Led Design Team for the proposed Construction Works for a minimum of 20 Units at Kells Road, Kingscourt, Co. Cavan for Cavan County Council. Please refer to Tender Documents for further details. View the procurement »
2026-03-23   The development of Supported Housing Services including High Support Rooms, Sheltered Housing and Accommodation for... (Galway Simon Community_187583)
Integrated Design Team to Include: Lead Consultant, Architectural, Structural and Civil Engineering, Building Services Engineering, Quantity Surveying, Fire Safety Consultant, DAC Consultant, Project Supervisor Design Process, Design and Assigned Certifier, and Employers Representative Services. View the procurement »
2026-03-18   WCCC 26 125 Lismore Town Centre First Plan – Consultant’s Tender (Waterford City and County Council_103683)
Waterford City and County Council wishes to invite tender submissions for the provision of services of a suitably qualified multi-disciplinary consultancy team to collaborate with the Council’s in-house Rural Development Team on the preparation of the Town Centre First Plan, for Lismore, Co. Waterford. The Consultancy Team shall include the following services at minimum: Architecture and Urban Design, Planning and Transportation Consultancy, Landscape and Public Realm Design, Publication / Visualisation … View the procurement »
2026-02-27   Integrated Design Team for Dunleer Energising the Community RRDF (Louth County Council_381)
LCC seeks to appoint a suitably qualified, competent and experienced, multi-disciplinary Integrated Design Team (IDT) to provide and lead a team including; urban designers, town planners, landscape architects, architects, archaeologist, civil/structural engineers, etc., to prepare the necessary designs, planning documentation, and fulfill the role of Project Supervisor for the Design Process (PSDP) to bring a number of proposed projects within the Dunleer Town Area to planning consent. View the procurement »
2026-02-12   Renovation and Restoration of Public Garden at Verdant Place, Limerick (Limerick City and County Council_103432)
The Verdant Place Garden is located on the northwest tip of the line of the historic Englishtown medieval grain. This project involves landscape design works, the repair of historic railings, and the construction of a new link / route through a gated green space on Verdant Place, King’s Island, Limerick. The link will allow for continuous pedestrian and cycle movement to the east of the one-way vehicular carriageway that connects King Johns Castle to the south of St. Mary’s Park Regeneration Area. The … View the procurement »
2026-02-11   Provision of Technical Advisory Services for Transport Projects (National Transport Authority_1149)
To support the National Transport Authority (the 'Authority') in the performance of its functions, the Authority proposes to engage a Service Provider to provide the following services to the Authority: (i) Strategic and policy related advisory services related to transport infrastructure provision, transport planning, sustainability/climate change, demand management, transport management and service delivery; (ii) Technical advisory services relating to the spectrum of transport related projects and … View the procurement »
2026-02-09   Monaghan County Council wishes to tender for: Architect Lead Full Design Team Services for the Proposed Restoration... (Monaghan County Council)
To renovate and restore the former Canal Workers Cottage to include first floor community offices with ground floor public toilet and community tea rooms ancillary to the canal stores. The development will consist of the following works. 1) Removal of derelict lean-to outbuildings adjoining the original structure. 2) Erection of a 2- story pitched roof extension to the glabe and a single-story extension measuring 87m2, to the front of the existing structure. 3) All necessary siteworks associated with the … View the procurement »
2026-01-20   The provision of Architect-Led Design Team Services for the proposed delivery of 4no. social housing units and all... (Donegal County Council_1193)
The provision of Architect-Led Design Team Services for the delivery of a two-storey housing development of 4no. social housing units, consisting of 3no. 3-bed houses and 1no. 2-bed house, on-street parking, connection to existing services and all associated site development works at Rathaneeny Park, Raneany West, Laghy Co. Donegal. View the procurement »
2026-01-15   Tender for provision of Design Team Services for existing Broadway restaurant, Charlestown, Co Mayo. (Mayo County Council_1127)
Tender for provision of Design Team Services for preparation Construction Documentation and Cost Plan for proposed redevelopment of existing building in Charlestown Co. Mayo View the procurement »
2026-01-06   Renovation of the Carnegie Library and surrounding Public Realm area, Kilkenny City (Kilkenny County Council_1185)
Renovation of the Carnegie Library and surrounding Public Realm area, Kilkenny City View the procurement »
2025-12-17   Engineering Consultant Led Integrated Design Team Services for The Ashe Memorial Hall - Heritage and Sustainability... (Kerry County Council_1204)
Engineering Consultant Led Integrated Design Team Services for The Ashe Memorial Hall - Heritage and Sustainability Revial Project View the procurement »
2025-11-19   Engineering Consultant Led Design Team Services for Development of Ballybunion Beach Facility at Ballybunion South Beach (Kerry County Council_1204)
Engineering Consultant Led Design Team Services for Development of Ballybunion Beach Facility at Ballybunion South Beach View the procurement »
2025-11-18   MetroLink Programme Delivery Partner Support Services (Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII))
TII intends to award a MetroLink Programme Delivery Partner Support Services Contract, with specific services to be performed set out by task orders. The Programme Delivery Partner appointed to perform the Contract will provide capability and capacity to integrate with and support the MetroLink Directorate in the co-ordination and management of the pre- and post-contract stages of the MetroLink Project. The Programme Delivery Partner will manage various contracts procured by TII through providing … View the procurement »
2025-10-20   Exhibition Design and Project Management Services for the National Tour of 1926 Census Exhibition and a... (Department of Culture Communications Sport)
Exhibition Design and Project Management Services for the National Tour of 1926 Census Exhibition and a commemorative exhibition marking the 1926 Cinema Disaster in Dromcollogher REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS For 12 exhibitions from July-December 2026 • 10 Local Authority venues • 1 presentation at the National Ploughing Championships – September 2025 • 1 commemorative exhibition – September 2025 (Dromcollogher, Co. Limerick) Census 1926 Exhibition To accompany the release of Census 1926, the National … View the procurement »
2025-09-16   Single Supplier Services Contract for the provision of The Commercial Skills Academy: Practitioner Training Programme (The Office of Government Procurement)
The Minister for Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation (the “Contracting Authority”) is seeking submissions to establish a Single Supplier Services Contract for the provision of The Commercial Skills Academy Practitioner Training Programme to provide the necessary training pertaining to the planning, procurement and management of public capital works projects in Ireland. View the procurement »
2025-09-04   Monaghan County Council wishes to tender for: An Architect Lead Full Design Team for Proposed Restoration and... (Monaghan County Council)
The project will create a plaza overlooking the Wee Abbey and will repurpose the derelict Lennard Arms Hotel to a Visitor Interpretive Centre. The proposal will demolish the kitchen area, dance hall and leave a hard-landscaped streetscape area in the centre. Works to hotel building to include filling of basement, removal of floors, structural supports to the building, creation of openings in the building to provide windows to view from outside, creation of glass panel in roof and placing mezzanine … View the procurement »
2025-08-29   Ballinamore Courthouse Development - Leitrim County Council (Leitrim County Council_2136)
Leitrim County Council invites tenders from Architectural firms to provide an Architect Led Project Management Design Team Services for the design, planning approval and construction management of a proposed Intervention to the Ballinamore Courthouse building Complex, carpark and associated works View the procurement »
2025-07-11   Convert two adjoining three storey over basement 1820s build townhouses (original use) from recent commercial use to... (Mid West Simon Community)
Consultancy Appointment of: Lead Consultant, Architectural service to include Grade 1 or 2 Conservation Architect, Structural and Civil Engineering, Building Services Engineering, Quantity Surveying, Fire Consultant, Project Supervisor Design Process, Design and Assigned Certifiers and Employer’s Representative Services; as required for satisfactory delivery of the projects. View the procurement »
2025-07-10   Architect or Mechanical/Electrical Consultant Led Integrated Project Team (IPT) Services for the Research... (Trinity College Dublin the University of Dublin_336)
Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin invites suitably qualified Consultant Teams to tender for Architect or Mechanical/Electrical Consultant Led Integrated Project Team (IPT) Services (including other services) for the Laboratories Deep Retrofit Pathfinder/Lab fit-out Project. The project is located at the University’s Trinity East campus located at Grand Canal Quay. On foot of this procurement procedure Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin (the ‘Contracting Authority’) seeks to … View the procurement »
2025-07-07   DLR Co Co - Multi Party Framework Agreement for Project Manager and Integrated Design Team for energy upgrade and... (Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council)
Multi Party Framework Agreement for Project Manager and Integrated Design Team for energy upgrade and office fit out projects in Dún-Laoghaire Rathdown County Council Buildings. View the procurement »
2025-06-26   Dublin City Council Single Party Framework Agreement for the Provision of Development Management Support Services (Dublin City Council)
Dublin City Council intends to establish a Single Party Framework Agreement for the provision of Development Management Support Services. The Development Management Support Services Provider will be required to provide all of the professional services (including specialist skills as listed) as necessary to comply with the Client's instructions and to ensure a satisfactory completion of the projects under the Framework. The specialist skills required are: - Financial Modelling - Development Advisory - … View the procurement »
2025-06-24   RFT 06/25DL - RFT for a Project Manager Led Controls Team for the design, construction and fit out of a Veterinary... (Atlantic Technological University)
Atlantic Technological University (ATU) seeks tenders for project manager-led controls team for the design, construction and fit out of a veterinary facility at Letterkenny, Co Donegal. The team will be required to work closely with the Integrated Design Team who will be appointed separately to ensure programme and budget delivery. The Project Information Memorandum (PIM) should be read in conjunction with the QC2-Part 1 and 2, and the Standard Conditions of Engagement for Consultancy Services … View the procurement »
2025-06-12   Proposed Refurbishment and Extension to Dromcollogher Memorial Library, Dromcollogher, Limerick (Limerick City and County Council_103432)
Refer to Tender Documents View the procurement »
2025-06-09   Provision of Integrated Design Team Services and a Project Controls Team for Development of New Pharmacy and... (South East Technological University (SETU))
South East Technological University invites suitably qualified Consultant Teams to tender for Architect Led Integrated Design Team (IDT) and Project Manager Led Project Controls Team (PCT) Services (including other services) associated with the development of new Pharmacy and Veterinary Medicine buildings. The project will be tendered in two separate lots. The project includes the development of two buildings at two separate locations. The first is a combined Pharmacy and Veterinary Medicine academic … View the procurement »
2025-05-27   Project Management led Design Team Services for the fit-out of the new Ireland House, Toronto (Department of Foreign Affairs/An Roinn Gnóthaí Eachtracha)
A suitably qualified and experienced Project-Management-led, multi-disciplinary design team is required to provide integrated design and value engineering team (as required) services for the fit-out of Ireland House in Toronto, together with the management of the fit-out project; from the procurement of a general contractor and FF and E vendors and others as required through the design and construction stages of the project, resulting in the delivery of a completed office space. View the procurement »
2025-05-06   Provision of Infrastructure Cost Management Support Services for Projects Funded by the National Transport Authority (National Transport Authority_1149)
Provision of cost estimation and related services to the Authority in relation to transport projects spanning from cycling and walking schemes to larger scale rail projects. The following section provides further information on the types of services that the Authority is likely to require under the Contract. The services required under the contract relate to the following items; (i) Review, update and develop cost estimating procedures; (ii) Preparation of detailed cost estimates and related items; (iii) … View the procurement »
2025-05-02   Architect-Led Design Team for a phased building approach for the former Bank of Ireland Building, Carnew, Co.... (Wicklow County Council)
Wicklow County Council (the Employer) is seeking an Architect-Led Design Team (the Consultant) to provide services including Employer's Representative for Works Contracts, Assigned Certifier/Design Certifier, and PSDP roles. The team will prepare a detailed design, including a full specification and detailed cost estimates, for a phased building approach (funding-dependent) for the former Bank of Ireland Building, Main Street, Carnew, Co. Wicklow, Y14X3KO View the procurement »
2025-04-29   Portlaoise Cultural Quarter Regeneration Old Granary Building Refurbishment Project CfT CA Unique ID: (Laois County Council)
This tender relates to a competition for the appointment of a suitably qualified and experienced architectural led design team for this heritage led urban regeneration project. The design team’s brief will entail the development of a detailed design to convert the existing building, for use as a museum/audio visual space View the procurement »
2025-04-08   Exhibition Design and Project Management Services for the National Archives’ 1926 Census Exhibition in Dublin,... (Department of Tourism Culture Arts Gaeltacht Sport Media)
To accompany the release of Census 1926 in April 2026, the National Archives will produce an exhibition that focuses on different facets of life in Ireland in 1926, offering new perspectives on the major social, cultural and political events of the day. Through a range of thematic lens, including patterns of employment, education and language, dwellings and domestic life, religious practice, as well as a focus on who was living in Ireland at the time; famous people and patterns of migration – the … View the procurement »
2025-03-28   Single Operator Framework Agreements for Works Related Services for Local Works, General Works and Supplementary... (Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest (TUSMM))
The creation of Single Operator Framework Agreements for Local Works, General Works and Supplementary Services across 4 professional design and works-related services as follows: Lot 1: Architecture Lot 2: Civil and Structural Engineering Lot 3: MEP Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing) Lot 4: QS and Cost Advisory Services. View the procurement »
2025-02-21   Refurbishment of 8 no. 1 bed studio apartments and the construction of an additional 2 no. 1 bed studio apartments... (Society of St Vincent de Paul (Dublin))
Consultancy Services including: Lead Appointed Party, Architectural, Structural and Civil Engineering, Building Services Engineering, Quantity Surveying, Fire Safety Consultant, DAC Services, Project Supervisor Design Process, Design and Assigned Certifiers, and Employer’s Representative Services View the procurement »
2025-01-21   Multi-Party Framework for Architect and Engineer Led Integrated Design Teams in 2 Lots (Lots 5 and 6) / Creatlacha... (Údarás Na Gaeltachta_289)
Establishment of Multiparty Frameworks for Integrated Design Team (IDT) Services for Údarás na Gaeltachta in the following Lots: - Lot 5: Architect Led IDT for County Donegal - Lot 6: Engineer (Civil and Structural) / Project Manager Led IDT for County Donegal Tender candidates will be required to form a team of consultants for the provision of Architect Led IDT and Engineer / Project Manager Led IDT Services. Each framework agreement will be established with up to 5 economic operators. IDTs generally … View the procurement »
2025-01-21   Architectural Design Team for the Dominican Church New Library Project, Drogheda, Co. Louth. (Louth County Council_381)
Technical Services for the conversion of existing Dominican Church to a New Library For Drogheda. View the procurement »
2025-01-17   Donegal County Council Appropriate Assessment of Proposed Variation No.1 to the County Donegal Development Plan 2024-2030 (Donegal County Council_1193)
Donegal County Council is seeking tenders from suitably qualified consultants with relevant expertise for the provision of services related to Appropriate Assessment (AA) associated with a Proposed Variation (proposed Variation No.1) to the County Donegal Development Plan 2024-2030 to: i. Insert new Area Plans for the towns of An Clochán Liath (Dungloe), Ballyshannon, Bridgend, Carndonagh, Donegal Town and Killybegs. ii. Amend the zoning of site NR2.16 at Cockhill, Buncrana – from ‘New Residential Phase … View the procurement »
2025-01-17   Donegal County Council, Strategic Environmental Assessment of proposed Variation to the County Donegal Development... (Donegal County Council_1193)
Donegal County Council is seeking tenders from suitably qualified consultants with relevant expertise for the provision of services related to Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) associated with a Proposed Variation (Proposed Variation No.1) to the County Donegal Development Plan 2024-2030. View the procurement »
2025-01-17   Donegal County Council - Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) associated with the Proposed Variation No. 1 to the... (Donegal County Council_1193)
Donegal County Council is seeking tenders from suitably qualified consultants with relevant expertise for the provision of services related to Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) associated with the Proposed Variation No. 1 to the County Donegal Development Plan 2024-2030 to: i. Insert new Area Plans for the towns of An Clochán Liath (Dungloe), Ballyshannon, Bridgend, Carndonagh, Donegal Town and Killybegs. ii. Amend the zoning of site NR2.16 at Cockhill, Buncrana – from ‘New Residential Phase 2’ to … View the procurement »
2024-12-17   The Provision of Design Management, Design and Quantity Surveying Services for Glenfarne Wood (Coillte CGA)
Coillte is seeking the services of a suitably-qualified and experienced Architect-led integrated Design Team [“the DT”] to provide services relating to, but not limited to, Design Management, Design, PSDP services, Assigned Certifier [BCaR] services, Project Management and Quantity Surveyor services. View the procurement »
2024-12-09   Architect Led Integrated Design Team for Living in Carlingford Project (Louth County Council_381)
Contract for integrated design services for detailed design for 'Living in Carlingford - Visiting Carlingford'. Comprising of stakeholder engagement, review of existing documents and preparation of contract documentation View the procurement »
2024-12-03   DLR Co Co - Multi-Party Framework Agreement for Quantity Surveying and Cost Control Consultancy Services for Dun... (Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council)
Multi-Party Framework Agreement for Quantity Surveying and Cost Control Consultancy Services for Dun Laoghaire Rathdown County Council for a period of 4 years. View the procurement »
2024-11-29   Blanchardstown Interchange - Integrated Delivery Support Services Partner (IDSSP) (National Transport Authority_1149)
The National Transport Authority (NTA) on behalf of Blanche Developments Limited (BDL) is procuring an Integrated Delivery Support Service Partner (IDSSP) who will be a multi-disciplinary engineering consultant, to support and supervise the design and construction of the 'Blanchardstown Interchange Works’ (BIW) (including a Bus Plaza) to be constructed under a design-and-build type contract. While the procurement process will be conducted by the NTA, the contracting party will ultimately be BDL (either … View the procurement »
2024-11-15   TEN2400280 - Tender for ALDT for proposed Construction Work Stages (i) to (v) for a min 16 Units at 2 No. Sites,... (Cavan County Council)
TEN2400280 - Tender for ALDT for proposed Construction Work Stages (i) to (v) for a min 16 Units at 2 No. Sites, Derrylurgan Ballyjamesduff, and Dunaree, Kingscourt, Co. Cavan for Cavan County Council. - Architectural Services: including design, detailing, procurement documentation, team leader, coordinator and supervision. Structural and Civil Engineering services: including design, detailing, procurement documentation, team member and supervision. Building Services Engineering services: including … View the procurement »
2024-11-08   Renovation of 13 Market Street, Galway City (Galway Simon Community_187583)
Redevelopment of Existing Hostel to Provide 4no. One-bedroom Apartments, Ancillary Accommodation and Services at 13 Market Street, Galway City, Galway (a Protected Structure) For Simon Community (Galway) CLG View the procurement »
2024-11-07   Donegal County Council is seeking tenders related to Strategic Environmental Assessment associated with the... (Donegal County Council_1193)
Donegal County Council is seeking tenders from suitably qualified consultants with relevant expertise for the provision of services related to Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) associated with the Preparation of the Six Strategic Towns Local Area Plan 2026-2032 (Donegal) View the procurement »
2024-11-07   Donegal County Council is seeking tenders for services related to Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) with the... (Donegal County Council_1193)
Donegal County Council is commencing the preparation of the Six Strategic Towns Local Area Plan 2026 (covering the settlements of Carndonagh, Bridgend, An Clochan Liath (Dungloe), Killybegs, Donegal Town and Ballyshannon) and is seeking tenders from a suitably qualified consultancy with relevant expertise for the provision of Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) including related services: including a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Report (SFRAR) and a revised SFRAR with respect to any relevant … View the procurement »
2024-11-07   Project Management led Design Team Services for the fit-out of the new Ireland House, Madrid, Spain (Department of Foreign Affairs/An Roinn Gnóthaí Eachtracha)
The successfully engaged Project Manager will be required provide technical due diligence on short listed properties and to coordinate the design team to complete design and procurement of the fit out works from inception, planning, tender and construction to completion and handover of the project. They will be required to administer and project manage all works contracts on behalf of the Contracting Authority within agreed costs and to certify that the works are completed in full compliance with the … View the procurement »
2024-11-05   The provision of Architect-Led Design Team Services for the delivery of approx. 10no. social housing units in 2no.... (Donegal County Council_1193)
The provision of Architect-Led Design Team Services for the delivery of approx. 10no. social housing units in 2no. separate schemes in one lot at Radhairc Na Mhuirlin, Glencolumbkille and An Glasán, Kilcar, Co. Donegal View the procurement »
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Procuring organizations: Cavan County Council National Transport Authority Donegal County Council_1193 South Dublin County Council Cork County Council Monaghan County Council Kerry County Council_1204 National Development Finance Agency Office of Public Works (OPW) Central Bank of Ireland
Suppliers: AECOM Ireland Ltd Jacobs Engineering Ireland Ltd Cooney Architects Ltd RPS Group Limited Wynne Gormley Gilsenan Architects & Surveyors Ltd Atkins Hayes Higgins Partnership RPS Consulting Engineers Ltd. AECOM Ireland Limited AL Architects
Products/services: Project and design preparation,... Architectural, construction, engineering... Architectural, engineering and planning services Architectural and related services Engineering services Engineering design services Consultative engineering and construction services Architectural design services Supervision of project and documentation Calculation of costs, monitoring of costs